Principle, classification and use of aluminum extrusion

1. The principle of aluminum extrusion

Aluminum profile extrusion is a plastic processing method that applies external force to the metal blank placed in the container (extrusion cylinder) to make it flow out of a specific die hole to obtain the desired cross-sectional shape and size.

Second, the composition of aluminum extrusion press

The aluminum extrusion press is composed of a machine base, a front column frame, a tension column, an extrusion cylinder, and a hydraulic system under electrical control. It is also equipped with a mold base, thimble, scale plate, slide plate, etc.

Third, the classification of aluminum extrusion methods

According to the type of metal in the aluminum extrusion cylinder, the stress and strain state, the extrusion direction of the aluminum profile, the lubrication state, the extrusion temperature, the extrusion speed, the type or structure of the tool, the shape or number of the blank, and the shape of the product Or the number, etc., can be divided into forward extrusion method, reverse extrusion method, (including plane deformation extrusion, axisymmetric deformation extrusion, general three-dimensional deformation extrusion) lateral extrusion method, glass lubrication extrusion Method, hydrostatic extrusion method, continuous extrusion method and so on.

Fourth, positive thermal deformation extrusion

The vast majority of hot-deformed aluminum production companies use the positive hot-deformation extrusion method to obtain aluminum with the required cross-sectional shape through specific molds (flat molds, cone molds, and split molds). This is Jin Haochun Aluminum so far. The aluminum production method adopted!

The forward extrusion process is simple, the equipment requirements are not high, the metal deformability is high, the production range is wide, the aluminum material performance is controllable, the production flexibility is large, and the molds are easy to maintain and modify.

The defect is the strong friction between the inner surface of the extrusion cylinder and the aluminum material, which accounts for a large proportion of the extrusion energy consumption. The friction is easy to cause the ingot in the cylinder to heat up and increase the instability of the profile, damage the efficiency of the finished product, and limit the aluminum and aluminum The extrusion speed of the alloy accelerates the abrasion and service life of the extrusion die, and the structure and properties of the product are uneven before and after.

5. Types, performance and usage of hot deformed aluminum alloy

The types of hot-deformed aluminum alloys are divided into 8 categories according to performance and use requirements, with different performance and uses.

1. Pure aluminum (L series) corresponds to the international brand 1000 series pure aluminum

Industrial pure aluminum, excellent processability, corrosion resistance, surface treatment and conductivity, but low strength, used for household products, electrical products, medicine and food packaging, power transmission and distribution materials, etc.

2. Duralumin (Ly) corresponds to the international brand 2000AL-Cu (aluminum copper) alloy

Used in large-scale components and brackets, with high Cu content and poor corrosion resistance.

3. Anti-rust aluminum (LF) corresponds to the international brand 3000AL-Mn (aluminum manganese) alloy

The heat treatment cannot be strengthened, the workability and corrosion resistance are equivalent to that of pure aluminum, the strength has been improved, and the welding performance is good. It is widely used in daily necessities, building materials, devices, etc.

4. Special aluminum (LT) corresponding to the international grade 4000AL-Si (aluminum silicon) alloy

Main welding materials, low melting point (575-630 degrees), good fluidity and fluidity, etc.

5. Anti-rust aluminum (LF) corresponding to the international brand 5000AL-Mg (aluminum-magnesium) alloy

Heat treatment cannot be strengthened, corrosion resistance, weldability, and surface gloss are excellent. By controlling the content of Mg, alloys with different strength levels can be obtained. Less used for decoration materials and devices. Used in ships, vehicles, and building materials. Highly used for welding components in ships and vehicle chemical plants.

6. 6000AL-Mg-Si series alloy

Mg2Si precipitation hardening heat treatment can strengthen the alloy, with good corrosion resistance, medium strength, and excellent hot workability. Therefore, it is widely used as an extrusion material with good formability and higher hardness can be obtained by quenching. It is widely used in building profiles and is also the most important source of materials in industry.

7. Super hard aluminum (LC) corresponds to the international brand 7000AL-Zn-Mg-Cu (aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper) high-strength aluminum alloy and two major types of alloys for welding components of AL-Zn-Mg

High strength, excellent welding and quenching performance, the disadvantage is that the stress corrosion cracking resistance is poor, and it needs to be improved by appropriate heat treatment. The former is mainly used for airplanes and sporting goods, and the latter is mainly used for welding structural materials for railway vehicles.

8.8000 (AL-LI) aluminum-lithium alloy

It is characterized by a density of 8%-9% lower than that of the 7000 series, high rigidity, high strength, and light weight. This series is under development (the anti-decay ability of aluminum alloy metal under complex conditions has not been completely overcome). It is mainly used in aircraft, missiles, and missiles. Military applications such as engines.